Tag Archives: security

Beware: URLs are Pointers to Mutable Entities

Folks often like to think of URLs as an entity that can be evaluated: “Is it harmless, or is it malicious?” In particular, vendors of security products tend to lump URLs in with other IoCs (indicators of compromise) like the hash of a known-malicious file, a malicious/compromised digital certificate, or a known-malicious IP address. Unfortunately,Continue reading “Beware: URLs are Pointers to Mutable Entities”

Security Tradeoffs: Privacy

In a recent post, I explored some of the tradeoffs engineers must make when evaluating the security properties of a given design. In this post, we explore an interesting tradeoff between Security and Privacy in the analysis of web traffic. Many different security features and products attempt to protect web browsers from malicious sites byContinue reading “Security Tradeoffs: Privacy”

Security: Tradeoffs

Absolute security is simple– put your PC in a well-guarded vault, and never power it on. But that’s not what PCs are built for, and good luck finding a job that would pay you for such advice. Security Engineering (like all engineering) is a story of tradeoffs. Tradeoffs commonly take place across multiple dimensions: AsContinue reading “Security: Tradeoffs”

The Challenge of IP Reputation

When protecting clients and servers against network-based threats, it’s tempting to consider the peer’s network address when deciding whether that peer is trustworthy. Unfortunately, while IP addresses can be a valuable signal, attempts to treat traffic as trustworthy or untrustworthy based on IP address alone can be very prone to mistakes. Background Most clients andContinue reading “The Challenge of IP Reputation”

Defensive Techniques: Application Guard

Earlier this year, I mentioned that I load every phishing URL I’m sent to see what it does and whether it tries to use any interesting new techniques. While Edge’s “Enhanced Security Mode” reduces the risks of 0-day attacks against the browser itself, another great defense available for enterprise users is Microsoft Defender Application Guard.Continue reading “Defensive Techniques: Application Guard”

SmartScreen Application Reputation, with Pictures

Last Update: April 29, 2024 I’ve previously explained how Chromium-based browsers assign a “danger level” based on the type of the file, as determined from its extension. Depending on the Danger Level, the browser may warn the user before a file download begins in order to confirm that the user really wanted a potentially-dangerous file.Continue reading “SmartScreen Application Reputation, with Pictures”

Enforcing SmartScreen with Policy

Microsoft Defender SmartScreen provides protection against the most common forms of attack: phishing and malware. SmartScreen support is built-in to Microsoft Edge and the Windows 8+ shell. The SmartScreen web service also powers the Microsoft Defender Browser Protection extension for Chromium-derived browsers. While SmartScreen provides powerful controls to block attacks, the user remains in fullContinue reading “Enforcing SmartScreen with Policy”

Improving the Microsoft Defender Browser Protection Extension

Earlier this year, I wrote about various extensions available to bolster your browser’s defenses against malicious sites. Today, let’s look at another such extension: the Microsoft Defender Browser Protection extension. I first helped out with extension back in 2018 when I was an engineer on the Chrome Security team, and this spring, I was taskedContinue reading “Improving the Microsoft Defender Browser Protection Extension”

New TLDs: Not Bad, Actually

The Top Level Domain (TLD) is the final label in a fully-qualified domain name: The most common TLD you’ll see is com, but you may be surprised to learn that there are 1479 registered TLDs today. This list can be subdivided into categories: Some TLD owners will rent domain names under the TLD to anyContinue reading “New TLDs: Not Bad, Actually”